- Urwah’ s negotiation attempt
- Baiat Al Ridwan
- Abu Jandal
- Abu Baseer
- Key Quraish players embrace Islam
- Islam introduced to all over Arabia
- Negus, the king of Abyssinia
- The letter to Vice-regent of Egypt
- Letter to Emperor of Persia
- Letter to the king of Roma
- To other kings
Background:
Hudaibiya treaty called so because the treaty held in a place called “Hudaibiya”[1].
The Prophet ﷺ had a dream in which he was seen as performing the rituals of Umrah. In the sixth year of Hijra, the Prophet ﷺ with his 1500 companions proceeded to Makah to perform Umrah. The intention was only to perform Umrah so they didn’t carry weapons. When they reached Dhul Hulaifah[2] they dressed as pilgrims (Ihram). When they arrived Usfaan[3] an emissary reported to the Prophet ﷺ that a huge army gathered near Makah to block the Muslims. The Prophet ﷺ consulted with Companions and they supported the idea of continuing the journey to Makah. Khalid bin Waleed with 200 horsemen made an attempt to attack Muslims when Muslims are in Sujood[4] position of prayer, but they couldn’t because Muslims were ordered to make ‘Salaat Al Khawf’[5]. According to this Salaat, a group of people performs prayer while others guarding the army.
To avoid any clash with people of Makah, the Prophet ﷺ didn’t resume his journey in the main highway, rather he took the rough road that leads to Makah.
The Muslims arrived at a place near to Makah called Hudaibiya and camped there. Quraish sent some envoys to speak with the Muslims. The Prophet ﷺ clearly told them that he came to perform Umrah and not to engage in war.
Urwah’ s negotiation attempt:
The last envoy Urwah bin Mas’ood Thaqafi came to the Prophet ﷺ to negotiate with Muslims.
[1] Hudaibiya (الحديبية) is located near Makah.
[2] Dhul Hulaifah (ذو الحليفة) is ten KM away from Madinah.
[3] Usfaan (عسفان) is located about 75 KM away from Makah.
[4] Sujood (سجود) means prostration.
[5] Salaat Al Khawf (صلاة الخوف) the prayer during the danger of fear.
This is excerpts from the book A Student’s Book to Study the Biography of The Prophet Muhammad by Abdu Shaheed Azhary. To download the full chapter click the below link. Buy the digital copy of the book from Amazon or the printed edition from Here