- Cause
- Hatib bin Abi Balta’a
- Muslims proceed to Makah
- Abu Sufyan embraces Islam
- Muslims around Ka’bah
- Amnesty
- Fear of Helpers
- Idols around Makah were broken
- Hunain Battle
- Booty Distribution
- Between Hunain and Tabuk
According to the Hudaibiya treaty, any tribe can join either Quraish or Muslims. Tribe Banu Bakr joined Quraish and Khuza’a joined Muslims. After a while, Banu Bakr attacked Banu Khuza’a breaking the treaty in Sha’aban 8 Hijra. Quraish helped Banu Bakr with men and arms.
Banu Khuza’a sought the help of Muslims. The Prophet ﷺ asked the Quraish to pay blood money and cancel the alliance with Banu Bakr; otherwise, the truce will be considered invalid. Quraish understood the horrific consequences of their breach. They sent their leader Abu Sufyan to Madina to compromise with Muslims. The Prophet ﷺ did not give any answer. His daughter Ummu Habeeba was the wife of the Prophet ﷺ. He met his daughter, Abu Bakr, Umar and Ali t asking them to intercede to the Prophet ﷺ for the renewal of the Hudaibiya treaty, but they ignored his appeal.
The Muslims expected a huge army will be sent to Makah, but the Prophet ﷺ wanted to keep the move secret. Even he dispatched a small expedition towards the north[1] to divert the attention of Muslims.
Hatib bin Abi Balta’a
The prophet ﷺ was informed by Angels about the misbehavior of a companion called Hatib. Hatib sent a lady to Makah to inform Quraish about Muslim’s new move. Immediately the Prophet ﷺ sent Ali t and Miqdad t in search of that lady. They caught and brought her red-handed to the Prophet ﷺ. Hatib was brought to the Prophet ﷺ. During the interrogation, Hatib justified his action by saying that he does know that the Prophet ﷺ will conquer Makah and no harm would occur to him. But he wanted to save his family in Makah who is living under no protection. He felt that he could gain the gratitude of Quraish if he does so. On hearing this, Umar t suddenly asked the Prophet ﷺ the permission to get rid of Hatib as he is a hypocrite. But the Prophet ﷺ didn’t allow him on the basis that Hatib deserves respect because he witnessed Badr battle
فَقَالَ عُمَرُ دَعْنِي يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَ هَذَا الْمُنَافِقِ فَقَالَ إِنَّهُ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ اطَّلَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ [2]
Hatib is one of those who fought in the battle of Badr. How do you know that he is a hypocrite? Allâh is likely to look favorably on those who participated in that battle and said: “Do as you please, for I have forgiven you.”
Muslims proceed to Makah
On the tenth of Ramadan, Hijra 8th, the Prophet ﷺ with his ten thousand followers proceeded towards Makah. When they reached Juhfa[3], the Prophet ﷺ’s uncle Abbast with his family met them. Abbas and his family were coming from Makah to join Muslims in Madina. Abbas was the last person to migrate to Madina.
When Muslims arrived in a place called Kudaid[4], they broke their fasting. They resumed the journey and camped at Mar’ Al Dahran where Muslims were ordered to kindle fire.
[1] Makah is in southward of Madeenah
[2] Muslim hadith no. 4550
[3] Juhfa (الجحفة) is 183 KM away from Makah
[4] Kudaid (قديد) is 150 KM away from Makah.
This is excerpts from the book A Student’s Book to Study the Biography of The Prophet Muhammad by Abdu Shaheed Azhary. To download the full chapter click the below link. Buy the digital copy of the book from Amazon or the printed edition from Here